Introduction to Titanium

Titanium (Ti), a transition metal element in Group 4 (Titanium subgroup) of Period 4 of the periodic table, has the element symbol Ti, atomic number 22, and a relative atomic mass of 47.867. Titanium is a hard, lustrous, silvery-white metal with hexagonal α-phase and cubic β-phase. Its relative density is 4.506, melting point is 1668℃, and boiling point is 3287℃. Its resistivity is 42 x 10⁻⁸ Ω·m (20℃). In nature, it mainly exists as rutile, perovskite, and ilmenite. Titanium sponge is obtained by reducing titanium tetrachloride with magnesium at high temperatures, followed by melting with an electric arc to obtain titanium ingots.

Titanium is widely distributed in nature, ranking seventh in abundance among metallic elements after aluminum, iron, calcium, potassium, sodium, and magnesium. In minerals, titanium mainly exists as titanium dioxide, titanates, and titanium silicates.

Titanium possesses excellent properties and is therefore widely used. Its main application areas include: aerospace, shipbuilding, chemical and petrochemical, transportation, weaponry, marine, electric power, construction, metallurgy, medical, sports equipment, daily necessities and light industry.